--- title: "Step 1: How to deliver a lesson" --- # Step 1: How to deliver a lesson Non-fiction --- ### **Step 1: Introduce Reading strategies for factual texts**   When students are reading a factual text, it is important that you, as an educator,r use clear Reading strategies and show students how they can absorb and understand the information in the text. By thinking aloud before, during and after reading, students can learn to use the same strategies. **Before reading: Predict and activate prior knowledge** **Activate pre-comprehension** Show the book's title and pictures. If there is a table of contents, look at it and discuss what the text might be about. Think aloud:  *What do you think the text is about, based on the title and the pictures?* *What do you think the author wants us to learn?   * *What is the purpose of reading this text?                                                           *     **Predictions** Encourage students to think about what they expect to learn from the text. What do they already know about the topic? What do they want to know? Make Predictions about the content of the text. It helps students activate their thoughts and expectations. **While reading, Pick out key words and ask questions** **Pick out keywords**: Read the text aloud and mark where you think important keywords appear. Write these words down visibly so that students can see and use them to summarise the text later. Think aloud: *"Here in the text, words like 'volcano', 'lava', and 'eruption' are mentioned. I write them down because they are important for understanding what is happening."*   **Asking questions** : Encourage students to ask themselves questions as they read. The questions can be of different types: Along the lines of: *What does it say directly in the text?* Between the lines: *What do I think the author means here? What can I figure out?* Beyond the lines: *How can I connect this to something I've learned or experienced before?* Think aloud: *I wonder why they say volcanoes are dangerous – is there anything in the text that could explain that?* **Clarifying difficult words** : If you encounter words that may be difficult for students to understand, stop and use different strategies to explain the meaning of the word. Reread the sentence or paragraph to provide clues. Look up the word in a dictionary or ask an adult for the meaning. Think aloud: *I see the word 'lava' is used here. What does it mean? I'll reread the paragraph and see if I can figure it out.* **After reading: Summarise and reflect** **Predictions and reflection** : Once you have finished reading the text, think aloud about your predictions: *Were the Predictions I made correct?* *Did I get answers to my questions?* *What did I learn from the text?* *What was the most important thing to take with you?* **Follow-up** Use the keywords you picked out during the reading to summarise the main idea of the text. Do this together with the students to show how to highlight the most important parts of the text. Think aloud: *So, here are the main things from the text: Volcanoes are dangerous, lava is hot and can destroy a lot, and volcanoes can have both positive and negative effects on the Earth.* **Encourage self-reflection** : Let students reflect on what they have learned and if they have any thoughts of their own on the topic. Here, you can give them time to write down their reflections in a reading log or discuss their thoughts in small groups. Example question: *How do you think humans can prevent damage from volcanic eruptions in the future?*     ![a cover of a book about vulcanes-1](https://teaching.lexplore.com/hs-fs/hubfs/AI-Generated%20Media/Images/a%20cover%20of%20a%20book%20about%20vulcanes-1.jpeg?width=200&height=200&name=a%20cover%20of%20a%20book%20about%20vulcanes-1.jpeg) --- Back to Lesson plans and exercises